Exam Synopsis:
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GS 1 Current Issues
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Diademy.com
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MAINS BOOSTER 2020
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| Introduction | Displacement of population or forced migration causes profound economic and cultural disruption to the displaced persons and thereby social fabric of the communities of the area gets completely shattered. |
| Stats | The report Tribal Health in India cites the Census 2011 that found a 32 per cent decline in the number of villages with 100 per cent tribal population between 2001 and 2011. |
| Why displaced? | Developmental projects– dams, airports, highways; forest conservation; mining; internal security; plants. |
| Impact of displacement | Family system, homelessness, joblessness, landlessness, increase in workforce, food insecurity, Access to community property/ common property, social disintegration, health, basic amenities, cultural loss, environmental loss, pollution. |
| What challenges they face? | Socio-economic inequalities, poverty, family system, residence, improper compensation, indebtedness, consumption pattern, skill, income source, culture. |
| What steps Government has taken? | The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006; Right to fair compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013; The Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Area) Act, 1996; The Scheduled castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989; Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980; Saranda Development Plan. |
| Draft Policy on Tribals | The policy seeks to bring Scheduled Tribes into the mainstream of society through a multipronged approach for their all-round development without disturbing their distinct culture. The National Policy aims at addressing each of these problems in a concrete way. It also lists out measures to be taken to preserve and promote tribals’ cultural heritage. |
| Nehruvian Panchasheel | Five principles spelt out in 1952, known as Nehruvian Panchasheel, have been guiding the administration of tribal affairs. |
| Way forward | Review of developmental projects, rehabilitation, compensation, recognizing forest rights, skilling, permanent residence, formal education. |
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